Mammographic screening for the detection of breast cancer has been the subject of a divisive debate for more than 20 years. Major arguments against screening have been the frequency of false positive scan results and overdiagnosis. However, with breast cancer incidence and mortality due to late diagnosis increasing globally, along with improvements in screening technology, there has been a growing acceptance that screening extends lives. However, questions continue to emerge with respect to screening age, who to screen, and how often to screen, among other issues.