[Correspondence] Combined cytotoxic and immune-stimulatory gene therapy for glioma

Yoshie Umemura and colleagues conducted a dose-finding, first-in-human clinical trial to investigate the safety and activity of the combined therapy of HSV1-TK (Ad-hCMV-TK) and Flt3L (Ad-hCMV-Flt3L) in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma.1 The discoveries offer innovative therapeutic approaches for high-grade glioma, with the potential to enhance overall survival without significant adverse events. Furthermore, they shed light on the characteristics of the tumour immune microenvironment.