KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to explore how UGT1A1 polymorphisms predict toxicity in sacituzumab treatment for HER2-negative breast cancer.
- UGT1A1 testing shows potential clinical value, but further research is needed to confirm genotype-treatment outcome links.
Sacituzumab govitecan has become a significant treatment option for patients with metastatic and locally recurrent HER2-negative breast cancer. Research has indicated that UGT1A1 polymorphisms are associated with predicting the toxicity levels of sacituzumab, making it a critical factor in patient management.
Megan H. Wong and the team aimed to investigate the role of UGT1A1 polymorphisms in predicting toxicity in patients treated with sacituzumab govitecan for metastatic and locally recurrent HER2-negative breast cancer.
Researchers retrospectively analyzed data from 68 patients with advanced breast cancer who had undergone UGT1A1 genotype testing before receiving sacituzumab treatment. They aimed to assess how UGT1A1 status related to toxicity and the overall effectiveness of the therapy. The study sought to understand how genetic factors might influence treatment outcomes for patients receiving sacituzumab by evaluating these associations.
The results showed that among the 68 patients, 17 (25%) were found to be homozygous for UGT1A128, and 24 (35.3%) were heterozygous. In a subgroup of 7 African American patients with triple-negative breast cancer, 5 were homozygous, and 2 were heterozygous for UGT1A128.
Patients with homozygous UGT1A1*28 genotypes were significantly more likely to have their treatment stopped due to adverse effects. However, this genetic variation was not linked to treatment discontinuation because of disease progression.
The study concluded that UGT1A1 testing may be clinically helpful for patients on sacituzumab. However, further trials are necessary to validate the relationship between genotypes and treatment outcomes.
The study was funded by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39157928/
Wong MH, Jones VC, Yu W, et al. (2024). “UGT1A1*28 polymorphism and the risk of toxicity and disease progression in patients with breast cancer receiving sacituzumab govitecan. Cancer medicine,” 13(16), e70096. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70096
