[Comment] Lessons and opportunities from improved understanding of global lung cancer histological subtypes

In a population-based study of variations in lung cancer incidence by histological subtype in 2020, Yanting Zhang and colleagues1 have provided, for the first time to my knowledge, data on a global scale, highlighting substantial geographical and sex-based differences. Although there are over 30 different primary lung malignancies, the four most common are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, and small-cell carcinoma, which account for most cases.2 The different histological subtypes have different pathogeneses, prognoses, and treatment approaches, reinforcing the importance of an accurate diagnosis.