In clinical practice, advances in immunotherapy have not yet reached patients with unresectable oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. The results of the single-arm, phase 2 EC-CRT-001 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Mian Xi and colleagues1 contribute to this field by investigating the addition of toripalimab, a PD-1 inhibitor, to definitive chemoradiotherapy. The primary endpoint, complete response after 3 months (based on endoscopy with biopsy and PET imaging), was met in 26 (62%; 95% CI 46–76) of 42 patients, which, in a post-hoc analysis, was significantly higher than the complete response rate of a propensity score-matched historical cohort (35 [42%] of 84 patients).
[Comment] Adding PD-1 inhibition to chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer
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