KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to identify CTRCD risk factors in patients with lymphoma.
- The results revealed that early risk factor identification is critical for CTRCD patient management.
Improved survival rates in lymphoma, a type of hematological malignancy, due to recent diagnostic and therapeutic advancements, have led to a rise in cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) as a public health concern. Identifying patients at risk for CTRCD is essential for developing preventive strategies.
Alberto Lopez-Garcia and the team aimed to identify risk factors associated with CTRCD in patients with lymphoma.
The study was a single-center, retrospective cohort analysis conducted between January 1, 2017, and February 15, 2023. Researchers reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with lymphoma who received first-line anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Data collected included demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, biomarkers of heart muscle damage, and echocardiographic information.
About 200 patients with lymphoma were treated with first-line anthracycline chemotherapy. Among these patients, 17.4% (35 of 200) developed CTRCD. Patients who developed CTRCD were older on average compared to those who did not (65.17 years vs. 56.77 years, P= 0.008).
Additionally, the CTRCD group had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (31.4% vs. 13.4%, P= 0.017) and a history of cardiovascular disease (40% vs. 13.3%, p < 0.001). Baseline levels of NT-proBNP, a biomarker of heart function, were significantly higher in the CTRCD group (388.73 kg/L ± 101.02) compared to the non-CTRCD group (251.518 kg/L ± 26.22, P= 0.004).
While differences in Troponin I levels, another heart damage marker, were observed during and after treatment, these levels did not exceed the laboratory’s upper limit. Patients were followed for a median of 51.83 months (range: 0.76-73.49 months). Notably, the development of CTRCD was associated with an increased risk of death from any cause (HR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.08-2.93, P= 0.031).
The study concluded that early identification of risk factors is critical for managing patients with lymphoma undergoing first-line anthracycline chemotherapy who are at risk for developing CTRCD.
This finding highlighted the importance of considering factors such as age, pre-existing dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease history when developing strategies to prevent or mitigate CTRCD.
No funding was provided.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38804379/
Lopez-Garcia A, Macia E, Gomez-Talavera S, et al. (2024). “Predictive Factors of Therapy-Related Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Lymphoma Receiving Anthracyclines.” Med Sci (Basel). 2024 Apr 24;12(2):23. doi: 10.3390/medsci12020023. PMID: 38804379; PMCID: PMC11130872.
