KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to assess outcomes of anti-PD-1 monotherapy and targeted therapy in 1L metastatic BRAF-mutated melanoma, analyzing predictive clinical parameters.
- The results showed high effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, with improved PFS and OS by immunotherapy.
Immunotherapy and targeted therapy represent primary treatment options for BRAF-mutated malignant melanoma, but lack predictive biomarkers for treatment selection.
Jindřich Kopecký and the team conducted a study that aimed to assess the outcomes of anti-programmed death receptor-1 monotherapy and targeted therapy in first-line metastatic BRAF-mutated melanoma, emphasizing the association of treatment outcomes with clinical and laboratory parameters.
Data from 174 patients were analyzed. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17.0 months (95% CI: 8-39) for immunotherapy and 12.5 months (95% CI: 9-14.2) for targeted therapy. The 3-year PFS rate was 39% for immunotherapy and 25% for targeted therapy.
The objective response rate (ORR) was 72% for targeted therapy and 51% for immunotherapy. Median overall survival (OS) for immunotherapy was not reached, and it was 23.6 months (95% CI: 16.1-38.2) for targeted therapy, with a 3-year survival rate of 63% and 40%, respectively.
In univariate analysis, age < 70 years, higher number of metastatic sites, elevated serum LDH, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio above the cut-off value were associated with inferior PFS regardless of therapy received. However, only serum LDH level and presence of lung metastases remained significant predictors of PFS in multivariate analysis.
The real-world data demonstrated the effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapy, with immunotherapy enhancing PFS and OS despite lower response rates. LDH’s prognostic value is confirmed, but further investigation is needed for blood cell count-derived parameters.
Funding was provided by the cooperation Program, research area ONCO; Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38491825/
Kopecký J, Pásek M, Lakomý R, et al. (2024) “The outcome in patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma treated with anti-programmed death receptor-1 monotherapy or targeted therapy in the real-world setting.” Cancer Med. 2024 Mar;13(5):e6982. doi: 10.1002/cam4.6982. PMID: 38491825; PMCID: PMC10943370.
