KEY TAKEAWAYS
- The study aimed to investigate the global burden and regional variations of common urologic diseases, including BPH, UTI, and cancers.
- Researchers noted regional disparities in urologic disease burden, urging global collaboration to improve management.
The burden of common urologic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urinary tract infections (UTI), urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer, varies across different geographic areas and specific regions. A comprehensive and detailed evaluation of the global burden of these urologic diseases is crucial to understanding their impact and informing healthcare strategies.
Hao Zi and the team aimed to assess the global distribution and regional differences in the prevalence and impact of these 6 urologic diseases.
They performed an inclusive analysis of data on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for patients with the specified urologic diseases, categorized by age, sex, location, and year, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.
They evaluated the burden of these urologic diseases in relation to the socio-demographic index (SDI) and key attributable risk factors. Trends over time were examined by calculating estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).
About 2021, BPH and UTI were identified as the leading causes of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), with rates of 5531.88 and 2782.59 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Prostate cancer emerged as the primary cause of both age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR), with rates of 12.63 and 217.83 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Between 1990 and 2021, an upward trend was observed in ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR for UTI, while urolithiasis showed a downward trend.
The middle and low-middle SDI quintile levels demonstrated higher incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs associated with UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH, whereas the high and high-middle SDI quintiles exhibited higher rates for the three cancers.
The burden of these 6 urologic diseases presented varied patterns by age and sex. In 2021, a high body mass index (BMI) contributed to 20.07% of kidney cancer deaths globally, while smoking was responsible for 26.48% of bladder cancer deaths and 3.00% of prostate cancer deaths.
The study concluded that the global burden of the six urologic diseases poses a considerable public health challenge, emphasizing the need for urgent international collaboration to enhance urologic disease management. This includes the development of effective diagnostic screening tools and the implementation of high-quality prevention and treatment strategies.
This study was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program (2022YFC3600700), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042024YXA008), and the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province (for Prof. Xian-Tao Zeng).
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39294748/
Zi H, Liu MY, Luo LS, et al. (2024). “Global burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infections, urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer from 1990 to 2021.” Mil Med Res. 2024;11(1):64. Published 2024 Sep 18. doi:10.1186/s40779-024-00569-w
